Most web applications use one or multiple databases to store and process information in real time.
Indeed, when a user sends requests, the web application queries the database in order to build the response. However, when the information provided by the user is used to forge the query to the database, an attacker can alter the database by using it for purposes other than those intended by the original developer. This allows an attacker to query the database via SQL injection, or SQLi.
CSRF attacks are often used to compromise the data and features of a web application.
Principles, impacts, possible exploitations, we present in this article an overview of the CSRF vulnerability as well as security best practices and measures to implement to prevent the risks of attacks.
Another article on Node.js security? But in this one, we focus on the most common vulnerabilities encountered during penetration testing.
Node related vulnerabilities have consequences for your entire web application. It is therefore essential to detect and correct them. Some of these flaws are not specific to Node and also exist in other languages and frameworks. This is why we have focused on providing general best practices and specific tools for Node.js.
Let’s dive in.
During our security audits, we are regularly confronted with vulnerabilities that allow commands to be executed on a system. These can take various forms depending on the type of application and the functionality impacted. You will find in this article an example of a RCE vulnerability encountered during a penetration test of a web application coded in PHP.
In which cases can a path traversal vulnerability occur? How to detect this flaw and protect yourself from it?
This is what we will detail in this article.
Server-side template injection (SSTI) vulnerabilities tend to be less researched than other types of flaws. However, their impact is significant and often leads to remote code execution (RCE). They are therefore flaws that should not be underestimated.
In what contexts do SSTI vulnerabilities occur? How to detect them and how to prevent them?
This is what we will see in this article.
An XXE (XML External Entities) is a vulnerability ranked in the Top 10 OWASP and affecting programs interpreting XML.
Its main characteristic is the ability to read files on the target server. It can thus endanger it, for example, by accessing a configuration file containing passwords, by copying database files or by retrieving the source code of an application.
The WebSocket protocol is a protocol of the application layer of the OSI model, which enables to communicate in full duplex (a communication canal where the information can circulate simultaneously in both directions) between a client (a browser) and a web server. In two words, it allows to create real-time web applications, like instant messaging chat.
Storing passwords securely is a recurring concern.
But what are the main methods, how do they work, and what are they worth against current password cracking techniques?
In this article we explain the main principles of secure storage (hash, salt, pepper, iteration) and highlight their importance for resisting password recovery methods. Finally, we will talk about a reliable hash function for secure storage.
A digital certificate is a data file that allow, on the one hand, the non-repudiation and the integrity of data, and on the other hand, to identify and to authenticate a person or an organization and also to encode communications.
A digital certificate includes several information, as:
This last point is crucial to verify the trustworthiness of a certificate. For this, when a certificate is received, a chain of trust is built to a certificate authority.
To explain the working of the chain of trust, let’s present some notions: